I've actually thought about a Chuck one before. It's a WB show, and Supernatural is being turned into one due to that connection, so theoretically - it could happen. It'd be totally bizarre since its quite ingrained in '80/90s American pop culture, but if it got localized it'd be real interesting. Probably really bad and keeping itself together (since the show is, as a whole) but... I dunno.
The closest thing to Lost in anime, imo, is DRRR, so I think it could work. They weren't able to do everything needed in the show, and some points could be lost (Nikki & Paulo) but I think it could be pretty successful. It could fill in some of the blanks the show left. A locale like that ain't see too often.
The X-Files would be totally crazy as one. Similarly to Lost, it could sort out a couple of the mythos problems. The male/female "on-the-job" idea that's prevalent all over US procedurals is quite lacking in anime, so that'd be interesting. Seeing adult at all in anime would be pretty interesting.
The Inbetweeners basically exists as Panty & Stocking. Merlin is Smallville, except seeing an anime Clark Kent would be ten-fold more badass. Alias, nah; Red Dwarf, seriously? Wouldn't work; Dr. Who/Torchwood, I haven't read the comics so it all depends. Some messing around with the mythology could deliver a fun show, but it would never capture the spontaneity of the live action. The IT Crowd/Big Bang Theory could be hilarious, it'd all have to be meta and otaku centric, but I think this is touching upon the best idea here, both shows are amazingly mediocre so it wouldn't be hard for the anime (if done correctly) to blow them out of the park.
I'm just going to chuck Buffy, Angel and Firefly in the mix, okay? They would all work, at different levels, but still they definitely would work. So world Veronica Mars - a teenage private detective with a murder mystery in the middle, it has to happen!.
BSG/Star Wars could be intriguing. Same for Terminator: TSCC and I'd freaking love an anime Community, it could tie in with my BBT/IT Crowd one, only it would have
a hell of a lot to live up to.